Lesson 107~108

✨课文

Preview

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Assistant： Do you like this dress, madam?

Lady： I like the colour very much. It's a lovely dress. but it's too small for me.

Assistant： What about this one? It's a lovely dress. It's very smart. Short skirts are in fashion now. Would you like to try it?

Lady： All right.

Lady： I'm afraid this green dress is too small for me as well. It's smaller than the blue one.

Lady： I don't like the colour either. It doesn't suit me at all. I think the blue dress is prettier.

Lady： Could you show another blue dress? I want a dress like that one, but it must be my size.

Assistant： I'm afraid I haven't got a larger dress. This is the largest dress in the shop.

课文理解

1.Does the lady like the blue dress?

2.Does she say the blue dress is lovely?

3.So why doesn't she want it?

4.Does she try the green dress as well?

5.What's matter with the green dress?

6.Which dress is smaller, the blue one or the green one?

7.Does the lady think the blue dress is prettier than the green one?

8.Does the green dress suit the lady?

9.What does the lady ask the assistant to show her?

10.Why can't the assistant get the lady a blue dress of her size?

✨单词

比较级和最高级

⚡本课重点

形容词的比较级和最高级：以er结尾的形容词属于「比较级」，而以est结尾的形容词属于「最高级」

其变化规则如下

• ①一般情况下，单音节形容词的词尾直接加er/est

  e.g. small => smaller => smallest、new => newer => newest

• ②以e结尾的形容词，直接在词尾加r/st

  e.g. nice => nicer => nicest、large => larger => largest

• ③以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词，将y改为i，再加er/est

  e.g. easy => easier => easiest、heavy => heavier => heaviest

• ④当单音节形容词只有一个元音字母，并且以一个辅音字母结尾时(往往以重读闭音节的形式出现，即辅元辅)，先双写词尾辅音字母再加er/est

  e.g. big => bigger => biggest、thin => thinner => thinnest

• ⑤不规则变化

  e.g. good/well => better => best、bad/ill => worse => worst、little => less => least、many/much => more => most

• ⑥大多数较长的形容词(即有两个以上音节的词)可与more/less连用构成比较级，与most/least连用构成最高级

  e.g. She's more beautiful than her sister.、She's the most beautiful in her class.

用法：

• 比较级只用于两者之间，通常与than连用，结构为 主语+be+adj.er+than+比较对象。如果所指代事物很明确，也可以独立存在

  e.g. He's taller than his father.、I haven't got a larger dress.

• 最高级用于三者或以上的情况，在使用时必须加定冠词the，并常伴有一个表示范围的介词短语或从句，其常见结构如下

  • 主语+be+the+adj.est(+n.)+范围

    e.g. That girl is the tallest student in our class.

  • 主语+be+the+adj.est(+n.)+I've ever V.pp.

    e.g. This is the craziest thing I've ever done.

• 排除自己：使用other

  e.g. He's taller than any other students in his class.、Shanghai is larger than other cities in China.

---

would：will的过去式，表示「愿意」。常常与like连用构成would like，缩写形式为'd like

• would like+ n.：愿意尝试某物/事

  e.g. I would like some tea. = I'd like some tea.

• would like+to do sth.：愿意做某事

  e.g. I would like to help him.

Lesson 109~110

✨课文

Preview

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Charlotte： Shall I make some coffee, Jane?

Jane： That's a good idea, Charlotte.

Charlotte： It's ready. Do you want any milk?

Jane： Just a little, please.

Charlotte： What about some sugar? Two teaspoonfuls?

Jane： No, less than that. One and a half teaspoonfuls, please. That's enough for me.

Jane： That was very nice.

Charlotte： Would you like some more?

Jane： Yes, please.

Jane： I'd like a cigarette, too. May I have one?

Charlotte： Of course. I think there are a few in that box.

Jane： I'm afraid it's empty.

Charlotte： What a pity!

Jane： It doesn't matter.

Charlotte： Have a biscuit instead. Eat more and smoke less!

Jane： That's very good advice!

课文理解

1.Is Charlotte going to make coffee or tea?

2.What does Jane think about that?

3.How much milk does Jane want?

4.Does Jane want any sugar?

5.How much sugar does she want?

6.Would Jane like some more coffee?

7.What else would Jane like?

8.Where does Jane look for cigarettes?

9.Are there any cigarettes?

10.What's Charlotte's advice?

✨单词

⚡本课重点

不可数名词的多与少，用much和little来表达；可数名词的多与少，用many和few来表达。在之前的79~80课中学习了much和many的用法，本节课来学习little和few

little：单词本义为「一点、少许」

• a little+un.：表示肯定含义，即剩余的数量刚好够完成接下来要做的事

  e.g. There is a little milk in the fridge. You can drink that.、They have a little money, so they're not very poor.

• little+un.：表示否定含义，即剩余的数量不足以完成接下来要做的事

  e.g. There is little milk in the fridge. We need to buy some.、They have little money. They're very poor.

few：单词本义为「几个」

• a few+cn.：表示肯定含义

  e.g. There are a few apples in the basket.、I've got a few friends, so I'm not lonely.

• few+cn.：表示否定含义

  e.g. There are few apples in the basket. It's nearly empty.、I've got few friends. I'm sad and lonely.

---

had better do sth.：最好做某事

advice sb. to do sth.：建议某人做某事

Lesson 111~112

✨课文

Preview

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Mr. Frith： I like this television very much. How much does it cost?

Assistant： It's the most expensive model in the shop. It cost five hundred pounds.

Mr. Frith： That's too expensive for us. We can't afford all that money.

Assistant： This model's less expensive than that one. It's only three hundred pounds. But, of course, it's not as good as the expensive one.

Mr. Frith： I don't like this model. The other model's more expensive, but it's worth the money.

Mr. Frith： Can we buy it on instalments?

Assistant： Of course. You can pay a deposit of thirty pounds, and then fourteen pounds a month for three years.

Mr. Frith： Do you like it, dear?

Mrs. Frith： I certainly do, but I don't like the price. You always want the best, but we can't afford it. Sometimes you think you're a millionaire!

Mr. Frith： Millionaire don't buy things on instalments!

课文理解

1.What does Mr. Frith think about the first television?

2.Is it one of the cheaper models?

3.Is there a more expensive model in the shop?

4.What does Mr. Frith think about the price?

5.How much does the less expensive model cost?

6.Is the less expensive models as good as the first one?

7.How can Mr. Frith buy the model he wants?

8.Will the television be more expensive on instalments?

9.How much will it cost?

10.Does Mrs Frith think this is a good idea?

✨单词

⚡本课重点

形容词的比较形式有三种

• 较高比较级：more adj.，表示「比...更」。the most adj.，表示「最...」

  e.g. She's more beautiful than her sister.、He's the most intelligent in his class.

• 较低比较级：less adj.，表示「更少...」，但通常为了翻译时信达雅，更通俗的意思是「不如、不及」。the least adj.，也表示「最...」，但意思是反向的最

  e.g. She's less beautiful than her sister.、He's the least intelligent in his class.

• 平级比较级：as adj. as，表示「和...一样」

  e.g. She is as tall as her mother.

---

总结

	结构	含义	例句
A = B	as adj. as	和...一样	She is as tall as her mother.
A > B	adj.er than	比...	She looks younger than her sister.
	more adj. than	比...更	She's more beautiful than her sister.
A < B	not as/so adj. as	不如、不及	She looks not as young as her sister. She looks not so young as her sister.
	less adj. than		She's less beautiful than her sister.
三者或以上	the adj.est 范围/从句	最...	He's the tallest in his class.
	the most/least adj. 范围/从句		He's the most intelligent in his class.
			He's the least intelligent in his class.
	adj.er and adj.er	越来越...	She is becoming more and more beautiful.
	the adj.er, the adj.er	越...，越...	The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you would make.
	one of the adj.est	最...之一	Mr. Lee is one of the most popular teachers in our school.

Lesson 113~114

✨课文

Preview

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Conductor： Fares, please.

Man： Trafalgar Square, please.

Conductor： I'm sorry, sir. I can't change a ten-pound note. Haven't you got any small change?

Man： I've got no small change, I'm afraid.

Conductor： I'll ask some of the passengers.

Conductor： Have you any small change, sir?

1st Passenger： I'm sorry. I've got none.

2nd Passenger： I haven't got any either.

Conductor： Can you change this ten-pound note, madam?

3rd Passenger： I'm afraid I can't.

4th Passenger： Neither can I.

Conductor： I'm very sorry, sir. You must get off the bus. None of our passengers can change this note. They're all millionaires!

Tramps： Except us.

1st Tramp： I've got some small change.

2nd Tramp： So have I.

课文理解

1.Where does the man want to go?

2.What does he give the conductor for his fare?

3.Does the conductor have any small change?

4.Has the man got any small change?

5.What does the conductor say he will do?

6.Does the first passenger have any small change?

7.Does the second passenger have any small change?

8.What does the conductor ask the man to do?

9.Does anyone have any small change?

✨单词

⚡本课重点

not、no、none之间的关系

• not+any/a/an 等价于 no+n.，看如下例子

  • I didn't see any cars in the street. = I saw no cars in the street.
  • There aren't any books on the shelves. = There are no books on the shelves.
  • I haven't got any time. = I've got no time.
  • I haven't got any money. = I've got no money.

• no+n. 等价于 none。注意，none本身表示「一无所有」，使用时要结合上下文才能知道none指代什么，尽量不要单独使用。看如下例子

  • We haven't got any beer. = We've got no beer. => We've got none.
  • There aren't any students. = There are no students. => There are none.

so和neither：以so或neither开头的简短回答，必须用倒装句式。使用时注意如下三点

• 时态一致，人称一致

• 肯定：so+助动词/情态动词/be+主语

  e.g. I like ice cream. => So do I、

• 否定：neither+助动词/情态动词/be+主语

  e.g. I don't want to work. => Neither do I.

Lesson 115~116

✨课文

Preview

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Helen： Isn't there anyone at home?

Jim： I'll knock again, Helen. Everything's very quite. I'm sure there's no one at home.

Helen： But that's impossible. Carol and Tom invited us to lunch. Look through the window.

Helen： Can you see anything?

Jim： Nothing at all.

Helen： Let's try the back door.

Jim： Look! Everyone's in the garden.

Carol： Hello, Helen. Hello, Jim.

Tom： Everybody wants to have lunch in the garden. It's nice and warm out here.

Carol： Come and have something to drink.

Jim： Thanks, Carol. May I have a glass of beer please?

Carol： Beer? There's none left. You can have some lemonade.

Jim： Lemonade!

Tom： Don't believe her, Jim. She's only joking. Have some beer!

课文理解

1.Why does Jim think that there is no one at home?

2.Will Jim go away or will he knock again?

3.Why does Helen think it is impossible that there's no one at home?

4.What does Helen ask Jim to do?

5.Can Jim see anything?

6.Where do they find their friends?

7.Why is everyone in the garden?

8.What would Jim like to drink?

9.Is there any beer left?

✨单词

不定代词

参考基础概念中的不定代词

⚡本课重点

not anyone 等价于 no one

e.g. There isn't anyone in the room. = There is no one in the room.

not anybody 等价于 nobody

e.g. There isn't anybody in the room. = There is nobody in the room.

not anything 等价于 nothing

e.g. There isn't anything in the bag. = There is nothing in the bag.

not anywhere 等价于 nowhere

e.g. I didn't go anywhere. = I went nowhere.

规律

• 动词否定形式+anyone/anybody/anything/anywhere
• 动词肯定形式+no one/nobody/nothing/nowhere

Lesson 117~118

✨课文

Preview

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When my husband was going into the dining room this morning, he dropped some coins on the floor.

There were coins everywhere. We looked for them, but we could not find them all.

While we were having breakfast, out little boy, Tommy, found two small coins on the floor.

He put them both into his mouth. We both tried to get the coins, but it was too late. Tommy had already swallowed them!

Later that morning, when I was doing the housework, my husband phoned me from the office.

'How's Tommy?' he asked.

'I don't know,' I answered, 'Tommy's been to the toilet three times this morning, but I haven't had any change yet!'

课文理解

1.What was her husband doing when he dropped the coins?

2.Did they look for the coins?

3.Could they find them all?

4.Who found some small coins on the floor?

5.What were they doing when Tommy found the coins?

6.What did Tommy put in his mouth?

7.Why was it too late for them to get the coins?

8.What was Tommy's mother doing when her husband phoned?

✨单词

过去进行时

⚡本课重点

过去进行时：动作发生的时间是「过去」，动作的状态是「进行中」。核心结构是 was/were+V.ing，其中助动词be表示动作发生的时间，实义动词V.ing表示动作的状态

• 肯定句：表示过去某个时间正在进行或者发生的动作、状态。主语+was/were+V.ing(+其他)

  e.g. He was watching TV at 8 o'clock last night.

• 否定句：只需在be的后面加上not即可。主语+was/were+not+V.ing(+其他)

  e.g. He wasn't watching TV at 8 o'clock last night.

• 一般疑问句：只需将be提到句首(主语前面)即可。Was/Were+主语+V.ing(+其他)

  e.g. Was he watching TV at 8 o'clock last night?

• 特殊疑问句：在一般疑问句的句首加上特殊疑问词并去掉答案。特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+V.ing(+其他)

  e.g. He was watching TV at 8 o'clock last night. => Was he watching TV at 8 o'clock last night? => What was he doing at 8 o'clock last night?

  先把陈述句中的be动词提到句首得到一般疑问句，再用what对一般疑问句中的答案watching TV进行提问，并将what提到句首

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时间状语：表某个动作或完成对应的时间。在上面的例子中，at 8 o'clock last night就是时间状语，其目的是交代实义动词watching所发生的时间

时间状语从句：用一个句子来充当时间状语

由when、while、just as引导的时间状语从句

• when：可以引导一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时。表示「当...的时候」

  • 一般过去时when+V.ed：It was raining very heavily when I got off the train.
  • 一般过去时when+was/were n./adj.：I had known him when I was a student.
  • 过去进行时when+was/were V.ing：When I was sleeping my friend phoned me.
  • 过去完成时when+had V.pp.：They went home when they had spent all their money.

• while：通常只会引导过去进行时，但也存在一般过去时的可能，只是很少见。表示「在...的时候(强调两个动作的同时进行)」

  • 过去进行时while+was/were V.ing：While I was cooking the dinner, he was working in the room.

• just as：引导过去进行时，表示「正当...的时候」

  • 过去进行时just as+was/were V.ing：The telephone rang just as I was opening the door.

Lesson 119~120

✨课文

Preview

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Do you like stories?

I want to tell you a true story. It happened to a friend of mine a year ago.

While my friend, George, was reading in bed, two thieves climbed into his kitchen.

After they had entered the house, they went into the dining room. It was very dark, so they turned on a torch.

Suddenly, they heard a voice behind them.

'What's up? What's up?' someone called.

The thieves dropped the torch and ran away as quickly as they could.

George heard the noise and came downstairs quickly.

He turned on the light, but he couldn't see anyone. The thieves had already gone.

But George's parrot, Henry, was still there.

'What's up, George?' he called.

'Nothing, Henry,' George said and smiled. 'Go back to sleep.'

课文理解

1.How long ago did this story happen?

2.What was George doing when two thieves climbed into his kitchen?

3.Where did they go after they had entered the house?

4.What kind of light did they have with them?

5.What did they hear suddenly?

6.What did the thieves do?

7.What could George see when he came downstairs?

8.Who had called out in the dark?

✨单词

过去完成时

⚡本课重点

过去完成时：动作发生的时间是「过去」，动作的状态是「完成」。核心结构是 had+V.pp.，其中助动词had表示动作发生的时间，过去分词表示动作的状态。强调过去某一动作发生在另一个动作或状态之前(过去的过去)。它经常与after和before连用

• 肯定句：表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作、状态。主语+had+V.pp.(+其他)

  e.g. He had swallowed the coins.

• 否定句：直接在had的后面加上not即可。主语+had+not+V.pp.(+其他)

  e.g. He hadn't swallowed the coins.

• 一般疑问句：只需将had提到句首(主语前面)即可。Had+主语+V.pp.(+其他)

  e.g. Had he swallowed the coins?

• 特殊疑问句：在一般疑问句的句首加上特殊疑问词并去掉答案。特殊疑问词+had+主语+V.pp.(+其他)

  e.g. He had swallowed the coins. => Had he swallowed the coins? => What had he swallowed?

  先把陈述句中的had动词提到句首得到一般疑问句，再用what对一般疑问句中的答案the coins进行提问，并将what提到句首

---

与after连用：after A, B等价于B after A，都表示「先A后B」。后发生的动作往往是一般过去时

• after A, B：动作A完成之后再进行动作B

  e.g. After I had watched the television, I had a bath.

• B after A：动作A完成之后再进行动作B

  e.g. I had a bath after I had watched the television.

与before连用：before B, A等价于A before B，都表示「A在B之前」。后发生的动作往往是一般过去时

• before B, A：在进行动作B之前发生了动作A

  e.g. Before I had a bath, I had watched the television.

• A before B：在进行动作B之前发生了动作A

  e.g. I had watched the television before I had a bath.

Lesson 121~122

✨课文

Preview

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Customer： I bought two expensive dictionaries here half an hour ago, but I forgot to take them with me.

Manager： Who served you, sir?

Customer： The lady who is standing behind the counter.

Manager： Which books did you buy?

Customer： The books which are on the counter.

Manager： Did you serve this gentleman half an hour ago, Caroline? He says he's the man who bought these books.

Caroline： I can't remember. The man who I served was wearing a hat.

Manager： Have you got a hat, sir?

Customer： Yes, I have.

Manager： Would you put it on, please?

Customer： All right.

Manager： Is this the man that you served, Caroline?

Caroline： Yes. I recognize him now.

课文理解

1.Why had the customer come back to the shop?

2.When had he bought the two dictionaries?

3.Could he recognize the lady who served him?

4.Could he see the books which he had bought?

5.Where were the books?

6.Did Caroline remember the person who had bought the dictionaries?

7.How did she recognize him as the man whom she had served?

✨单词

定语从句

⚡本课重点

定语从句是一个相对较难的知识点，本节课主要先从汉语的角度来理解并构造定语从句

定语：参考基础概念中的定语。类似于汉语中对某种东西进行修饰限定，什么什么的就是一种定语，比如漂亮的女孩

关系代词：who、whom、whose、that、which

• 连接主句和从句，充当连接词
• 在从句中做句子成分，指代主语或宾语
• who：用于指代人，进一步提供有关某人的信息。侧重于在从句中作主语
• whom：与who同义，作为动词或介词的宾语。只能在从句中作宾语
• whose：用于指代人或物，进一步提供信息时使用。侧重于在从句中作定语
• that：用于指代人或物，可以在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，只能引导限定性定语从句
• which：用于指代人以外的物，包括有生命或无生命的东西。可以在从句中作主语或宾语

定义从句：用一个句子来充当定语，去修饰限定另一个句子(主句)的中心词。被修饰限定的成分(名词/代词)叫先行词。先行词总是放在定语从句的前面，所以叫先行词

• 修饰人：关系代词用 who/whom/that。当先行词在从句中作主语时，只能用who或that；而作宾语时，可以用who、whom或that，甚至省略。在生活中，实际上人们更多是用who

  e.g. 他就是昨天打电话给我的那个人

  • ①分析句子可知，从句中「昨天打电话给我的」修饰限定「那个人」
  • ②根据分析结果将这句中文拆分成两个部分，He is the man. 和 The man called me yesterday.
  • ③由于先行词 the man 在从句中作主语，所以关系代词只能用who或that，且不能省略
  • ④最后得到完整句子 He is the man who called me yesterday.

  e.g. 他就是我昨天遇到的那个人

  • ①分析句子可知，从句中「我昨天遇到的」修饰限定「那个人」
  • ②根据分析结果将这句中文拆分成两个部分，He is the man. 和 I met the man yesterday.
  • ③由于先行词 the man 在从句中作宾语，所以关系代词可以用who、whom或that，甚至省略
  • ④最后得到完整句子 He is the man I met yesterday.

  e.g. 他是杀了怪物的男人

  • ①分析句子可知，从句中「杀了怪物的」修饰限定「男人」
  • ②根据分析结果将这句中文拆分成两个部分，He is the man. 和 The man killed the monster.
  • ③由于先行词 the man 在从句中作主语，所以关系代词只能用who或that，且不能省略
  • ④最后得到完整句子 He is the man who killed the monster.

---

• 修饰物：关系代词用 which/that。当先行词在从句中作主语或宾语时，可以用which或that；并且作宾语时甚至还能省略。在生活中，实际上人们更多是用which

  e.g. 叼着篮子的那只狗是我的

  • ①分析句子可知，从句中「叼着篮子的」修饰限定「那只狗」
  • ②根据分析结果将这句中文拆分成两个部分，The dog is mine. 和 The dog is carrying the basket.
  • ③由于先行词 the dog 在从句中作主语，所以关系代词可以用which或that，且不能省略
  • ④最后得到完整句子 The dog that is carrying the basket is mine.

  e.g. 这就是他寄给我的那封信

  • ①分析句子可知，从句中「他寄给我的」修饰限定「那封信」
  • ②根据分析结果将这句中文拆分成两个部分，This is the letter. 和 He sent me the letter.
  • ③由于先行词 the letter 在从句中作宾语，所以关系代词可以用which或that，甚至省略
  • ④最后得到完整句子 This is the letter he sent me.

  e.g. 她的朋友可能找到了她不见的戒指

  • ①分析句子可知，从句中「她的朋友找到的」修饰限定「她的戒指」
  • ②根据分析结果将这句中文拆分成两个部分，Her friend probably found her ring. 和 Her ring was missing.
  • ③由于先行词 her ring 在从句中作主语，所以关系代词可以用which或that，且不能省略
  • ④最后得到完整句子 Her friend probably found her ring that was missing.

---

• 修饰人或物：关系代词用 whose/that。当先行词在从句中作定语时，关系代词要用whose；当先行词为不定代词或由数词、最高级、the only、the very、the same、all所修饰，又或者是以who、what、which开头的疑问句时，关系代词只能用that

  e.g. 我的一个朋友的母亲是老师

  • ①分析句子可知，从句中「朋友的」修饰限定「母亲」
  • ②根据分析结果将这句中文拆分成两个部分，I have a friend. 和 His mother is a teacher.
  • ③由于先行词 a friend 在从句中作mother的定语，所以关系代词要用whose
  • ④最后得到完整句子 I have a friend whose mother is a teacher.

  e.g. 你住的那个小镇叫什么名字

  • ①分析句子可知，从句中「你住的」修饰限定「那个小镇」
  • ②根据分析结果将这句中文拆分成两个部分，What's the name of the town? 和 The town you live in.
  • ③由于先行词 the town 在从句中作宾语并且是以what开头的疑问句，所以关系代词要用that
  • ④最后得到完整句子 What's the name of the town that you live in?

Lesson 123~124

✨课文

Preview

是否显示中文翻译

Mike： Look, Scott. This is a photograph I took during my trip to Australia.

Scott： Let me see it, Mike.

Scott： This is a good photograph. Who are these people?

Mike： They're people I met during the trip.

Mike： That's the ship we travelled on.

Scott： What a beautiful ship!

Scott： Who's this?

Mike： That's the man I told you about. Remember?

Scott： Ah yes. The one who offered you a job in Australia.

Mike： That's right.

Scott： Who's this?

Mike： Guess!

Scott： It's not you, is it?

Mike： That's right.

Mike： I grew a beard during the trip, but I shaved it off when I came home.

Scott： Why did you shave it off?

Mike： My wife didn't like it!

课文理解

1.What photographs were these?

2.Whom did Scott ask about?

3.What was in the next photograph?

4.Who was the man Mike had told Scott about?

5.Who was the man with the beard?

6.Why had he shaved it off when he came home?

✨单词

⚡本课重点

本节课主要学习定语从句中关系代词的省略

先行词是人

• who+动词

  • He is the man who called me yesterday.，先行词the man在从句中作主语，who不能省略
  • The lady who is standing behind the counter served me.，先行词the lady在从句中作主语，并且从句是进行时态，这个时候who和be均可省略
  • He is the man who I met yesterday.，先行词the man在从句中作宾语，who可以省略

• whom+动词+prep.

  • The man whom I spoke to is my uncle.，先行词the man在从句中作宾语，whom可以省略
  • The man to whom I spoke is my uncle.，把介词to提前的反习惯用法(正常人不会这么用)，这个时候whom不能省略

先行词是物

• which+及物动词

  • The bus which takes us to school often breaks down.，先行词the bus在从句中作主语，which不能省略
  • The dog which is carrying the basket is mine.，先行词the dog在从句中作主语，并且从句是进行时态，这个时候which和be均可省略
  • This is the letter which I received yesterday.，先行词the letter在从句中作宾语，which可以省略

• which+不及物动词+prep.

  • These are the books which I told you about yesterday.，先行词the books在从句中作宾语，which可以省略，还可以用介词结尾
  • These are the books about which I told you yesterday.，把介词about提前的反习惯用法(正常人不会这么用)，这个时候which不能省略

先行词是人或物

• whose+名词：先行词在从句中作定语，whose不能省略

  • I have a friend whose mother is a teacher.，关系代词whose指代My friend's，作mother的定语

• that：除了适用who、whom和which的规则外，还有自己的特殊规则，例如先行词为不定代词或以who、what、which开头的疑问句，关系代词只能用that

  • What's the name of the town that you live in?，先行词the town在从句中作宾语，that可以省略
  • The hospital is around the corner is the one that we are going to.，先行词the hospital在从句中作表语，that可以省略

---

感叹句：what+a/an+adj.+名词

• e.g. What a beautiful ship!、What an interesting program!

Lesson 125~126

✨课文

Preview

是否显示中文翻译

Susan： Can't you come in and have tea now, Peter?

Peter： Not yet. I must water the garden first.

Susan： Do you have to water it now?

Peter： I'm afraid I must. Look at it! It's terribly dry.

Susan： What a nuisance!

Peter： Last summer it was very dry, too. Don't you remember? I had to water it every day.

Susan： Well, I'll have tea by myself.

Susan： That was quick! Have you finished already?

Peter： Yes. Look out of the window.

Susan： It's raining! That means you don't need to water the garden.

Peter： That was a pleasant surprice. It means I can have tea, instead.

课文理解

1.What does Susan want Peter to do?

2.Why does he say he can't come in yet?

3.Does he have to water it now?

4.Why does Peter have to water the garden?

5.What was the weather like last summer?

6.How often did Peter have to water the garden last summer?

7.What can Susan see when she looks out of the window?

8.Does Peter need to water the garden?

✨单词

have to

⚡本课重点

have to：这是英语语言习惯中的一个固定搭配用法，表示客观的「必须、不得不」。它是一个复合动词，有时态的变化，变化作用于助动词have，而在变为否定句和疑问句时要根据不同时态的助动词来处理；to后面接动词原形

• 一般现在时：适用主谓宾结构的一般现在时句式，三单形式也是。助动词分别是do和does

  • I have to leave now.、He has to leave now.
  • I don't have to leave now.、He doesn't have to leave now.
  • Do you have to leave now?、Does he have to leave now?
  • Why do you have to leave now?、Why does he have to leave now?

• 一般过去时：适用主谓宾结构的一般过去时句式，助动词是did

  • I had to walk home last night.
  • I didn't have to walk home last night.
  • Did you have to walk home last night?
  • Why did you have to walk home last night?

• 一般将来时：will/shall+have to

  • I will have to stay at home taday.
  • I won't have to stay at home taday.
  • Will you have to stay at home taday?
  • Why will you have to stay at home taday?

• 现在完成时：have/has+had to

  • I have had to wait for you two hours.、He has had to wait for his friend two hours.
  • I haven't had to wait for you two hours.
  • Have you had to wait for me two hours?
  • How long have you had to wait for me?

have to和must的区别

• must：情态动词，没有时态变化，表示说话人主观看法。一般只能表达现在的必要性，不用来讨论过去
• have to：复合动词，有时态变化，表示说话人的客观需要或外界影响。可以表达过去、现在或将来的必要性
• 否定表达完全不同：mustn't表示「绝对禁止」，没有商量的余地；don't have to表示「不必」，有得商量。don't have to等价于don't need to
• 如果想要对must的提问来表达「不必」，则只能用needn't

Lesson 127~128

✨课文

Preview

是否显示中文翻译

Kate： Can you recognize that woman, Liz?

Liz： I think I can, Kate. It must be Karen Marsh, the actress.

Kate： I thought so. Who's that beside her?

Liz： That must be Conrad Reeves.

Kate： Conrad Reeves, the actor? It can't be.

Kate： Let me have another look. I think you're right! Isn't he her third husband?

Liz： No, He must be her fourth or fifth.

Kate： Doesn't Karen Marsh look old!

Liz： She does, doesn't she! I read she's twenty-nine, but she must be at least forty.

Kate： I'm sure she is.

Liz： She was a famous actress when I was still at school.

Kate： That was a long time ago, wasn't it?

Liz： Not that long ago! I'm not more than twenty-nine myself.

课文理解

1.Kate is with Liz, isn't she?

2.Can Liz recognize Karen Marsh?

3.Who is Karen Marsh?

4.Who is the man beside Karen Marsh?

5.What does Liz think about that he is Karen Marsh's husband?

6.How old does Liz think Karen Marsh is?

7.Why does Liz say Karen Marsh must be at least forty?

8.Does Kate think that was a long time ago?

✨单词

推测的表达方式

从127~132课将会学习不同的推测表达方式

⚡本课重点

must be：表示根据已经了解到的信息，对当前状况进行肯定的推测，概率接近100%，意思为「一定是」

• must be+adj./n.

  e.g. He must be busy.、He must be a teacher.

• must be+V.ing

  e.g. You must be joking.、You must be having a bath.

• must be+宾语从句

  e.g. You must be the boyfriend of that girl.

can't be：表示根据已经了解到的信息，对当前状况进行否定的推测，概率接近0%，意思为「一定不是」

• can't be+adj./n.

  e.g. It can't be true.、He can't be a teacher.

• can't be+V.ing

  e.g. They can't be working.

• can't+宾语从句

  e.g. You can't be the boyfriend of that girl.

---

not more than：表示「不超过」

Lesson 129~130

✨课文

Preview

是否显示中文翻译

Ann： Look, Gary! That policeman's waving to you. He wants you to stop.

Policeman： Where do you think you are? On a race track? You must have been driving at seventy miles an hour.

Gary： I can't have been.

Policeman： I was doing eighty when I overtook you.

Policeman： Didn't you see the speed limit?

Gary： I'm afraid I didn't, officer. I must have been dreaming.

Ann： He wasn't dreaming, officer. I was telling him to drive slowly.

Gary： That's why I didn't see the sign.

Policeman： Let me see your driving licence.

Policeman： I won't charge you this time. But you'd better not to do it again!

Gary： Thank you. I'll certainly be more careful.

Ann： I told you to drive slowly, Gary.

Gary： You always tell me to drive slowly, darling.

Ann： Well, next time you'd better take my advice!

课文理解

1.Who is waving to Ann and Gary?

2.Why is the policeman waving?

3.How fast must Gary have been driving?

4.Why does the policeman say so?

5.Does Ann think Gary was dreaming?

6.What was Ann doing?

7.What does the policeman ask Gary for?

8.Will the policeman charge Gary this time?

9.What does Ann always tell Gary?

✨单词

⚡本课重点

must have been：表示根据已经了解到的信息，对过去的状况进行肯定的推测，概率接近100%，意思为「(当时)一定是」，翻译时，根据上下文来决定是否加当时

• must have+V.pp.

  e.g. You must have eaten my biscuits.

• must have been+adj./n.

  e.g. He must have been busy.、He must have been a teacher.

• must have been+V.ing

  e.g. They must have been having a party.

• must have been+宾语从句

  e.g. You must have been the boyfriend of that girl.

can't have been：表示根据已经了解到的信息，对过去的状况进行否定的推测，概率接近0%，意思为「(当时)一定不是」，翻译时，根据上下文来决定是否加当时

• can't have+V.pp.

  e.g. You can't have eaten my biscuits.

• can't have been+adj./n.

  e.g. He can't have been busy.、He can't have been a teacher.

• can't have been+V.ing

  e.g. They can't have been having a party.

• can't have been+宾语从句

  e.g. You can't have been the boyfriend of that girl.

注意，这里的have been跟现在完成时没有任何关系，英语语言习惯就这样，就是个固定搭配

---

do you think：用在特殊疑问句中的插入语，用来征询见解或表达看法。插入语可以位于句尾或句中，有时也可以出现在一般疑问句中

• e.g. Will he be late for school, do you think?

must have been连读：发音为/mʌst hæv biːn/，h和v不发音

can't have been连读：发音为/kɑːnt hæv biːn/，h和v不发音

Lesson 131~132

✨课文

Preview

是否显示中文翻译

Martin： Where are you going to spend your holidays this year, Gary?

Gary： We may go abroad. I'm not sure. My wife wants to go to Egypt. I'd like to go there, too. We can't make up our minds.

Martin： Will you travel by sea or by air?

Gary： We may travel by sea.

Martin： It's cheaper, isn't it?

Gary： It may be cheaper, but it takes a long time.

Martin： I'm sure you'll enjoy yourselves.

Gary： Don't be so sure. We might not go anywhere. My wife always worries too much.

Gary： Who's going to look after the dog? Who's going to look after the house? Who's going to look after the garden?

Gary： We have this problem every year. In the end, we stay at home and look after everything!

课文理解

1.Where does Gary think they may spend their holidays?

2.Where does Gary's wife want to go?

3.Would Gary like to go Egypt too?

4.Have they made up their minds yet?

5.How does Gary think they will travel?

6.What is Martin sure of?

7.Why does Gary say that they might not go anywhere?

8.What problem do they have every year?

✨单词

⚡本课重点

may和might：表示对过去、现在、将来的推测，概率不高，50%左右，意思为「可能、也许」。其否定形式为在may/might的后面直接加not

虽然might本身是may的过去式，但在现代英语使用习惯中，might同样能用来对当前或将来状况进行推测，只是其概率比may稍低，并且当情况是虚拟的时候只能用might。

对现在或将来推测

• may/might (not)+V.

  e.g. He may know the answer.、We might not go anywhere.

• may/might (not) be+adj./n.

  e.g. They may be busy.、She might not be a teacher.

• may/might (not) be+V.ing

  e.g. You may not be joking.、They might be having lunch.

对过去推测

• may/might (not) have+V.pp.

  e.g. He may have known the answer.、We might not have gone anywhere.

• may/might (not) have been+adj./n.

  e.g. They may not have been busy.、She might have been a teacher.

• may/might (not) have been+V.ing

  e.g. You may have been joking.、They might not have been having lunch.

might have been连读：发音为/ˈmaɪt həv biːn/，h不发音

Lesson 133~134

✨课文

Preview

是否显示中文翻译

Reporter： Have you just made a new film, Miss Marsh?

Miss Marsh： Yes, I have.

Reporter： Are you going to make another?

Miss Marsh： No, I'm not. I'm going to retire. I feel very tired. I don't want to make another film for a long time.

Kate： Let's buy a newspaper, Liz. Listen to this!

Kate： Karen Marsh: Sensational News! By our reporter, Alan Jones. Karen Marsh arrived at London Airport today. She was wearing a blue dress and a mink coat.

Kate： She told me she had just made a new film. She said she was not going to make another. She said she was going to retire. She told reporters she felt very tired and didn't want to make another film for a long time.

Liz： I wonder why!

课文理解

1.What has Karen Marsh just done?

2.Who is interviewing her?

3.Does she think she will make another film?

4.What does she say she's going to do?

5.Why does she say she's going to retire?

6.When did the reporter say Karen Marsh arrived at London Airport?

7.What did he say she was wearing?

8.What did she tell the reporter?

9.Did she say she was going to make another film?

10.What else did she tell the reporter?

✨单词

直接引语变间接引语

⚡本课重点

在之前的75~76课和99~100课中，主要学习了宾语从句在主句是一般现在时的用法，这时候的从句可以是任何时态

当主句是一般过去时情况下，间接引语通常需要改变人称和时态，这是因为原话进行的时间永远都是早于转述的时间

直接引语变间接引语

人称变化	说明	直接引语		间接引语
		时态	例句	时态	例句
一随主	引号内第一人称变间接引语后，与主句主语的人称保持一致	一般现在时	She said, "I like English."	一般过去时	She said she liked English.
		现在进行时	She said, "I am studying English."	过去进行时	She said she was studying English.
		现在完成时	They said, "We have finished the work."	过去完成时	They said they had finished the work.
		一般过去时	He said to her, "I waited for an hour."		He told her that he had waited for an hour."
		一般将来时	She said, "I am going to study English."	过去将来时	She said she was going to study English.
二随宾	引号内第二人称变间接引语后，与主句宾语的人称保持一致，如果主句没有宾语，则可以用第一人称	一般现在时	Tom said to Lucy, "You are so cute."	一般过去时	Tom told Lucy she was so cute.
		现在进行时	The policeman said, "You are driving too fast."	过去进行时	The policeman said I was driving too fast.
		现在完成时	She said to him, "You have finished your job."	过去完成时	She told him that he had finished his job.
		一般过去时	She said to him, "You did very well."		She told him that he had done very well.
		一般将来时	She said to me, "I am going to buy you an ice cream."	过去将来时	She told me that she was going to buy me an ice cream.
第三人称不更新	引号内第三人称变间接引语后，人称保持不变	一般现在时	She said to me, "Tom is the winner."	一般过去时	She told me that Tom was the winner.
		现在进行时	He said, "She is waiting for a bus."	过去进行时	He said that she was waiting for a bus.
		现在完成时	He said to me, "They have already retired."	过去完成时	He told me that they had already retired.
		一般过去时	She said to me, "Jack bought a new car."		She told me that Jack had bought a new car.
		一般将来时	She said to me, "They are going to move into a new flat."	过去将来时	She told me that they were going to move into a new flat.

Lesson 135~136

✨课文

Preview

是否显示中文翻译

Reporter： Are you really going to retire, Miss Marsh?

Miss Marsh： I may. I can't make up my mind. I will have to ask my future husband. He won't let me make another film.

Reporter： Your future husband, Miss Marsh?

Miss Marsh： Yes, Let me introduce him to you. His name is Carlos. We're going to get married next week.

Kate： Look, Liz! Here's another report about Karen Marsh.

Kate： Listen: Karen Marsh: The latest At her London Hotel today Miss Marsh told reporters she might retire. She said she couldn't make up her mind. She said she would have to ask her future husband. She said her future husband would not let her make another film. Then she introduce us to Carlos and told us they would get married next week.

Liz： That's sensational news, isn't it, Kate?

Kate： It certainly is. He'll be her sixth husband!

课文理解

1.Does Karen Marsh say she's going to retire?

2.Who does she say she will have to ask?

3.When does she say she's going to get married?

4.Did Karen Marsh tell reporters she might retire?

5.Did she say she had made up her mind?

6.Who did she say she would have to ask?

7.When did she say she would get married?

✨单词

⚡本课重点

let：表示「允许、让」。它与一般动词不同，使用结构为 let+名词/代词+V.，其中V表示不带to的动词不定式

• e.g. She lets her son play in the garden.

introduce A to B：表示「把A介绍给B」

• e.g. He introduces me to his friend.

当主句是一般过去时情况下，间接引语中的情态动词要用过去式

人称变化	说明	直接引语			间接引语
		时态	情态动词	例句	时态	情态动词	例句
一随主	引号内第一人称变间接引语后，与主句主语的人称保持一致	一般现在时	can	She said, "I can speak English."	一般过去时	could	She said she could speak English.
			will	He said, "I will do it myself."		would	He said he would do it himself.
			may	He said, "I may go with you."		might	He said he might go with me.
二随宾	引号内第二人称变间接引语后，与主句宾语的人称保持一致，如果主句没有宾语，则可以用第一人称	一般现在时	can	His mother said, "You can watch television."	一般过去时	could	His mother said that he could watch television.
			will	He said, "You will win."		would	He said that I would win.
			may	He said to her, "You may be right."		might	He told her that she might be right.
第三人称不更新	引号内第三人称变间接引语后，人称保持不变	一般现在时	can	She said to me, "Tom can swim."	一般过去时	could	She told me that Tom could swim.
			will	She said, "They will go to London next week."		would	She said that they would go to London next week.
			may	He said to me, "She may be 18."		might	He told me that she might be 18.

Lesson 137~138

✨课文

Preview

是否显示中文翻译

Julie： Are you doing the football pools, Brian?

Brian： Yes, I've nearly finished, Julie. I'm sure we'll win something this week.

Julie： You always say that, but we never win anything! What will you do if you win a lot of money?

Brian： If I win a lot of money I'll buy you a mink coat.

Julie： I don't want a mink coat! I want to see the world.

Brian： All right. If we win a lot of money we'll travel round the world and we'll stay at the best hotels. Then we'll return home and buy a big house in the country. We'll have a beautiful garden and ...

Julie： But if we spend all that money we'll be poor again. What'll we do then?

Brian： If we spend all the money we'll try and win the football pools again.

Julie： It's pleasant dream but everything depends on 'if'.

课文理解

1.What is Brian doing?

2.Has he finished doing the football pools?

3.What is Brian sure of?

4.What does Julie ask Brian?

5.What will Brian buy if he wins a lot of money?

6.What would Julie like better than a mink coat?

7.What does Brian say they'll do if they win a lot of money?

8.What will they do when they return home?

9.What does Julie say about spending all that money?

10.What does everything depend on?

✨单词

条件从句

⚡本课重点

if：单词本义「如果、是否」，通常用来引导一个从句

条件从句：如果我们认为将来的事件是可能发生的，就可以用if条件从句去描述将会发生什么事或不会发生什么事。其基本结构为 if+一般现在时+将来时/情态助动词。也就是主句用将来时或情态动词，从句用一般现在时，归纳为四字诀「主将从现」

如果if条件从句是前半句的话，常常需要用逗号分隔；而如果是后半句的话则不需要用逗号分隔

• If it rains tomorrow, we won't go to the seaside.
• I'll wash the dishes if you cook dinner.
• If you're have enough money, you can buy a big house.

Lesson 139~140

✨课文

Preview

是否显示中文翻译

Graham Turner： Is that you, John?

John Smith： Yes, speaking.

Graham Turner： Tell Mary we'll be late for dinner this evening

John Smith： I'm afraid I don't understand.

Graham Turner： Hasn't Mary told you? She invited Charlotte and me to dinner this evening. I said I would be at your house at six o'clock, but the boss wants me to do some extra work. I'll have to stay at the office. I don't know when I'll finish. Oh, and by the way, my wife wants to know if Mary needs any help.

John Smith： I don't know what you're talking about.

Graham Turner： That is John Smith, isn't it?

John Smith： Yes, I'm John Smith.

Graham Turner： You are John Smith, the engineer, aren't you?

John Smith： That's right.

Graham Turner： You work for the Overseas Engineering Company, don't you?

John Smith： No, I don't. I'm John Smith the telephone engineer and I'm repairing your telephone line.

课文理解

1.Isn't Graham Turner speaking to John Smith?

2.What does Graham Turner ask John Smith to tell Mary?

3.What time did he say he would be at their house?

4.Why does he say he'll be late?

5.When will he finish?

6.What does the speaker's wife want to know?

✨单词

疑问句宾语从句

⚡本课重点

在之前的75~76课、99~100课和133~136课中所学的宾语从句全部都是陈述句做宾语从句，本节课将会学习疑问句做宾语从句的相关知识

	连接词	宾语从句
主句	that，可省略	陈述句 (肯&否)
	if，不可省略	一般疑问句 (陈述语序)
	特殊疑问词，不可省略	特殊疑问句 (陈述语序)

一般疑问句宾语从句：由 if引导的陈述语序的一般疑问句作宾语从句，其结构为 主句+if+宾从(一般疑问句)

看下面几个例子，掌握一般疑问句宾语从句的转化步骤

e.g. I want to know ...

• ①一般疑问句：Is she a teacher?
• ②把一般疑问句转为陈述语序：she is a teacher.
• ③给主句添加连接词if用来引导第二步的陈述语序：I want to know if she is a teacher.

---

• ①一般疑问句：Does she often go shopping?
• ②把一般疑问句转为陈述语序：she often goes shopping.
• ③给主句添加连接词if用来引导第二步的陈述语序：I want to know if she often goes shopping.

---

• ①一般疑问句：Have you lost your key?
• ②把一般疑问句转为陈述语序：you have lost your key.
• ③给主句添加连接词if用来引导第二步的陈述语序：I want to know if you have lost your key.

---

• ①一般疑问句：Will you go to school tomorrow?
• ②把一般疑问句转为陈述语序：you will go to school tomorrow.
• ③给主句添加连接词if用来引导第二步的陈述语序：I want to know if you will go to school tomorrow.

---

特殊疑问句宾语从句：由 特殊疑问词引导的陈述语序的特殊疑问句作宾语从句，其结构为 主句+特殊疑问词+宾从(特殊疑问句)

看下面几个例子，掌握特殊疑问句宾语从句的转化步骤

e.g. He wants to know ...

• ①特殊疑问句：What's your job?
• ②句首的特殊疑词将作为引导词维持不动，把其后面的部分转为陈述语序，人称代词根据语义进行调整：what my job is.
• ③将第二步得到的以特殊疑问词引导的陈述语序拼接到主句上：He wants to know what my job is.

---

• ①特殊疑问句：When is she going to have a bath?
• ②句首的特殊疑词将作为引导词维持不动，把其后面的部分转为陈述语序：when she is going to have a bath.
• ③将第二步得到的以特殊疑问词引导的陈述语序拼接到主句上：He wants to know when she is going to have a bath.

---

• ①特殊疑问句：Why does she want to see you?
• ②句首的特殊疑词将作为引导词维持不动，把其后面的部分转为陈述语序，人称代词根据语义进行调整：why she wants to see me.
• ③将第二步得到的以特殊疑问词引导的陈述语序拼接到主句上：He wants to know why she wants to see me.

---

• ①特殊疑问句：Why didn't you clean the car?
• ②句首的特殊疑词将作为引导词维持不动，把其后面的部分转为陈述语序，人称代词根据语义进行调整：why I didn't clean the car.
• ③将第二步得到的以特殊疑问词引导的陈述语序拼接到主句上：He wants to know why I didn't clean the car.

---

• ①特殊疑问句：How long have you lived in Nanning?
• ②句首的特殊疑词将作为引导词维持不动，把其后面的部分转为陈述语序：how long I have lived in Nanning.
• ③将第二步得到的以特殊疑问词引导的陈述语序拼接到主句上：He wants to know how long I have lived in Nanning.

Lesson 141~142

✨课文

Preview

是否显示中文翻译

Last week, my four-year-old daughter, Sally, was invited to a children's party.

I decided to take her by train. Sally was very excited because she had never travelled on a train before.

She sat near the window and asked questions about everything she saw.

Suddenly, a middle-aged lady got on the train and sat opposite Sally.

'Hello, little girl,' she said.

Sally did not answer, but looked at her curiously.

The lady was dressed in a blue coat and a large, funny hat.

After the train had left the station, the lady opened her handbag and took out her powder compact. She then began to make up her face.

Why are you doing that? Sally asked.

To make myself beautiful, the lady answered. She put away her compact and smiled kindly.

But you are still ugly, Sally said.

Sally was amused, but I was very embarrassed!

课文理解

1.Who was invited to a children's party last week?

2.How old is Sally?

3.How did the mother decide to go?

4.Why was Sally very excited?

5.Where did Sally sit on the train?

6.How did she spend the time?

7.Who got on the train and sat on opposite Sally?

8.How was the lady dressed?

9.What did the lady do after the train had left the station?

10.Did Sally think the lady was beautiful?

✨单词

被动语态

英语的被动语态要比汉语的简单：因为汉语中并没有限定哪些动词只能用来表示被动，相反的则是所有动词都可以表示主动或被动，这取决于你从什么角度去看待这个动词

举个栗子：饭做好了。短短四个字就能表达清楚意思，既省略了主语，也没有出现关键字眼被，这时就很难区分这是主动语态还是被动语态了，只能靠听话人自己猜。如果从说话人的角度出发，那么很大概率说话人就是做饭这一动作的主语，这时就是汉语中的主动语态。而如果你的关注点在饭，那么这时就是被动语态，此时饭作为主语，它是可能是被说话人或其他某个人给做出来的，至于是谁做的并不在乎

⚡本课重点

英语动词也有主动语态和被动语态之分。在主动句中，动词的主语是执行动作的人或物；而在被动句中，主语则是动作的承受者。换言之，就是把主动句中的「直接宾语」变成了「主语」

主动语态：这里特指的是主谓宾结构，即 主语+V+宾语，其中的动词基本都是及物动词，因为其后面必须跟宾语

被动语态：当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，把主动句中的「直接宾语」转为「主语」即可，其核心结构为 be+V.pp.，过去分词不一定指过去。被动语态可以避免用不明确的词作主语，或是将重点放在事件本身而不是造成该事件的人或物上，强调的是动作的承受者

• 肯定句：主语+be+V.pp.(+其他)

  e.g. My phone was made in China.

• 否定句：只需在be的后面加上not即可。主语+be+not+V.pp.(+其他)

  e.g. My phone wasn’t made in China.

• 一般疑问句：只需将be提到句首(主语前面)即可。Be+主语+V.pp.(+其他)

  e.g. Was your phone made in China?

• 特殊疑问句：在一般疑问句的句首加上特殊疑问词并去掉答案。特殊疑问词+be+主语+V.pp.(+其他)

  e.g. My phone was made in China. => Was your phone made in China? => Where was your phone made?

  先把陈述句中的be动词提到句首得到一般疑问句，再用where对一般疑问句中的答案in China进行提问，并将where提到句首

八种常见的被动语态结构

时态	结构	例句
一般现在时	am/is/are+V.pp.	The room is aired regularly.
一般过去时	was/were+V.pp.	This house was built a hundred years ago.
一般将来时	will/shall+be+V.pp.	The floor will be swept soon.
现在进行时	am/is/are+being+V.pp.	The rooms are being painted.
过去进行时	was/were+being+V.pp.	The house was being built at this time last year.
现在完成时	have/has+been+V.pp.	The basket has already been emptied.
过去完成时	had+been+V.pp.	He had been considered to be a greater leader.
情态动词	情态动词+be+V.pp.	Your room must be cleaned every day.

Lesson 143~144

✨课文

Preview

是否显示中文翻译

I live in a very old town which is surrounded by beautiful woods. It is a famous beauty spot.

On Sundays, hundreds of people come from the city to see our town and to walk throught the woods.

Visitors have been asked to keep the woods clean and tidy. Litter baskets have been placed under the trees, but people still throw their rabbish everywhere.

Last Wednesday, I went for a walk in the woods. What I saw made me very sad.

I counted seven old cars and three old refrigerators. The litter baskets were empty and the ground was covered with pieces of paper, cigarette ends, old tyres, empty bottles and rusty tins.

Among the rubbish, I found a sign which said, 'Anyone who leaves litter in these woods will be prosecuted!'

课文理解

1.Do the writer live in a town or in the city?

2.What is the town surrounded by?

3.What do the people from the city do on Sundays?

4.What have visitors been asked to do?

5.Where have litter baskets been placed?

6.What do people do with their rubbish?

7.What did the writer do last Wednesday?

8.What did he find among the rubbish?

✨单词

⚡本课重点

本节课主要讲的是一般将来时和现在完成时的被动语态，但由于已经在141~142课进行了概括性总结，所以这里就不再重复了

A be surrounded by B：表示「A被B包围」